AI 绘画提示词完全指南：以 ComfyUI Flux文生图工作流为例

目录

1. 提示词工程基础
2. Flux 模型特点与优势
3. 提示词结构与组成
4. 场景描述技巧
5. 艺术风格控制
6. 构图与视角
7. 高级提示词技巧
8. 实战案例分析
9. 常见问题与解决方案

提示词工程基础

在 AI 绘画领域，提示词（Prompt）是与 AI 模型沟通的关键。一个好的提示词应该清晰、具体、结构化，能够准确传达你想要创作的图像内容。

提示词的重要性

1. 精确控制：提示词决定了生成图像的方方面面

   • 场景内容
   • 艺术风格
   • 构图方式
   • 光影效果
   • 细节表现

2. 一致性保证：好的提示词能确保批量生成时的风格一致性

3. 效率提升：掌握提示词技巧可以：

   • 减少试错次数
   • 提高出图质量
   • 节省创作时间

简单的提示词：1girl in garden

详细的提示词：正向：masterpiece, best quality, 1girl, young female, (beautiful face:1.2), long flowing hair, wearing a white sundress with floral patterns, (standing in a blooming garden:1.3), surrounded by roses and wildflowers, soft morning sunlight filtering through leaves, butterflies flying around, garden path with stone steps, detailed foliage, spring season, ethereal atmosphere, depth of field, soft focus, detailed illustration, anime style, ghibli inspired, cinematic lighting, rule of thirds composition, medium shot
负向：bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, out of focus, bad proportions, bad perspective

Flux 模型特点与优势

Flux 是一个强大的 AI 绘画模型，特别适合动漫风格创作。

模型特点

1. 风格优势

   • 精致的动漫风格表现
   • 优秀的人物刻画能力
   • 细腻的光影效果
   • 丰富的色彩表现

2. 技术特性

   • 较强的提示词响应度
   • 优秀的构图能力
   • 稳定的生成质量

Flux官网展示的示例：

提示词结构与组成

基础结构

[主体描述], [场景环境], [风格指定], [光影效果], [构图要求], [画质参数]

详细解析

1. 主体描述

   1girl, young, beautiful, long silver hair, blue eyes, wearing a white dress
   

   • 使用逗号分隔不同特征
   • 从整体到局部描述
   • 注意特征的优先级

2. 场景环境

   in a magical forest, surrounded by glowing butterflies, morning light
   

   • 环境氛围描述
   • 周边元素点缀
   • 时间天气说明

3. 风格指定

   anime style, detailed illustration, studio ghibli style
   

   • 基础风格定义
   • 参考作品风格
   • 细节要求程度

只有主体描述的效果：

增加场景描述的效果：

在增加场景描述的基础上，增加风格指定的效果：

场景描述技巧

1. 人物描述

外观特征

beautiful girl, young, (delicate facial features), <flowing long hair:1.2>, blue eyes

• 使用括号增加权重
• 使用尖括号微调权重
• 注意特征描述顺序

服装描述

wearing a detailed white dress, frilly lace decorations, golden accessories

• 从主要服装到配饰
• 注意材质描述
• 强调特殊细节

2. 环境描述

自然场景

magical forest, morning mist, rays of sunlight, floating particles

• 环境主体
• 氛围营造
• 点缀元素

室内场景

elegant library, antique furniture, warm lighting, floating dust particles

• 空间定义
• 家具陈设
• 光线氛围

基础人物描述效果：

基础人物描述+室内场景：

基础人物描述+自然场景：

艺术风格控制

1. 基础风格

anime style, digital art, illustration, detailed

2. 特定艺术家风格

studio ghibli style, hayao miyazaki, joe hisaishi color palette

3. 媒介风格

watercolor, oil painting, pencil sketch, digital illustration

基础风格效果：

特定艺术家风格：

媒介风格：

构图与视角

1. 构图技巧

基础构图

rule of thirds, centered composition, symmetrical composition

视角控制

close-up shot, wide angle, bird's eye view, from below

焦点控制

depth of field, bokeh effect, focus on face

基础构图;

视角控制：

焦点控制：

高级提示词技巧

1. 权重控制

(important element:1.3), [less important:-0.2]

2. 组合技巧

[A:B:0.7] 混合两种风格

3. 否定提示词

negative prompt: bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry

实战案例分析

案例一：唯美人物肖像

masterpiece, best quality, 1girl, young female, beautiful face, long flowing white hair, 
deep blue eyes, wearing an elegant white dress with lace details, 
in a magical forest, morning light streaming through trees, 
glowing butterflies around, ethereal atmosphere,
detailed illustration, anime style, studio ghibli style,
soft lighting, depth of field, close-up shot

案例二：奇幻场景

masterpiece, best quality, magical library, ancient books floating in air,
magical particles, glowing runes, spiral staircases,
warm golden lighting, dust particles in light beams,
detailed architecture, fantasy style, atmospheric lighting,
wide angle shot, rule of thirds composition

常见问题与解决方案

1. 生成质量问题

• 问题：图像质量不够理想
• 解决方案：
  • 添加质量相关标签：masterpiece, best quality, highly detailed
  • 调整采样步数和 CFG 值
  • 使用适当的否定提示词

2. 构图问题

• 问题：构图混乱或不符合预期
• 解决方案：
  • 明确指定构图方式
  • 使用视角相关提示词
  • 控制场景元素数量

3. 风格不一致

• 问题：生成图像风格与预期不符
• 解决方案：
  • 加强风格相关提示词权重
  • 使用具体的参考风格
  • 适当使用否定提示词

实践建议

1. 循序渐进

   • 从简单提示词开始
   • 逐步添加细节
   • 记录效果良好的提示词模板

2. 实验与优化

   • 保持提示词结构化
   • 注意权重平衡
   • 持续优化改进

3. 工具利用

   • 使用 ComfyUI 的节点系统
   • 保存常用工作流程
   • 建立个人提示词库

结语

提示词工程是 AI 绘画中的一门艺术，需要不断实践和积累。通过本文的学习，相信你已经掌握了使用 Flux 模型进行 AI 绘画创作的基础知识。记住，最好的学习方式是实践，建议你保存这些示例提示词，进行反复实验和优化。

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实战练习建议：

1. 从基础提示词开始，逐步添加元素
2. 记录每次修改的效果
3. 建立个人的提示词模板库
4. 参考优秀作品的提示词

本文使用的工作流：

工作流json

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