一、下载python3.8.2版本的压缩包

二、下载完成后解压，进入Python-3.8.2文件夹，编译安装

tar -xf Python-3.8.2.tgz

cd Python-3.8.2/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-pydebug --enable-shared CFLAGS=-fPIC

make

make install

configure参数说明：

【其中/usr/local是安装目录，当然你完全可以选其他的地方，如果你需要学习Python源码，那就要调试版，此时要加上--with-pydebug，更详细的过程可以参考官方说明：https://devguide.python.org/

补充：这里加上--enable-shared和-fPIC之后可以将python3的动态链接库编译出来，默认情况编译完lib下面只有python3.xm.a这样的文件，python本身可以正常使用，但是如果编译第三方库需要python接口的比如caffe等，则会报错；所以这里建议按照上面的方式配置，另外如果openssl不使用系统yum安装的，而是使用自己编译的比较新的版本可以使用--with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl这种方式指定，后面目录为openssl实际安装的目录，另外编译完还要将openssl的lib目录加入ld运行时目录中即可. 】

在执行make过程中会出现很多问题，这些问题一定要一一排查解决：

Python build finished successfully!

The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found:

_bz2 _curses _curses_panel

_dbm _gdbm _hashlib

_lzma _sqlite3 _ssl

_tkinter _uuid readline

zlib

To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.

The following modules found by detect_modules() in setup.py, have been

built by the Makefile instead, as configured by the Setup files:

_abc atexit pwd

time

Failed to build these modules:

_ctypes

Could not build the ssl module!

Python requires an OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1 compatible libssl with X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host().

LibreSSL 2.6.4 and earlier do not provide the necessary APIs, https://github.com/libressl-portable/portable/issues/381

yum install libffi-devel -y 命令来安装_ctypes模块

yum install readline-devel -y 命令来安装readline模块

yum install zlib zlib-devel -y 命令来安装zlib模块

yum install python3-tkinter tkinter tcl-devel tk-devel -y 命令来安装_tkinter模块

yum install xz-devel lzma -y 命令来安装_lzma模块

yum install libuuid uuid-devel -y 命令来安装_uuid模块

yum install sqlite-devel -y 命令来安装 _sqlite3模块

yum install gdbm-devel -y 命令来安装 _dbm、_gdbm模块

yum install ncurses-devel -y 命令来安装 _curses、_curses_panel 模块

yum install openssl-devel -y 命令来安装 _ssl模块

全部依赖组件安装：

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ zlib zlib-devel libffi-devel

yum -y install gcc kernel-devel kenel-headers make bzip2

yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel

编译错误1：

/home/Python-3.8.2/Modules/_uuidmodule.c:19:5: error: unknown type name ‘uuid_t’

uuid_t uuid;

^

/home/Python-3.8.2/Modules/_uuidmodule.c:36:5: error: implicit declaration of function ‘uuid_generate_time’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]

uuid_generate_time(uuid);

解决方法：

vim ~/.bash_profile

添加一行 export CPPFLAGS=" -Wno-error=coverage-mismatch" 保存退出

source ~/.bash_profile

最终用以下方法https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/120341207解决：

对_uuidmodule.c文件进行修改：

cd Python-3.8.2/Modules

vi _uuidmodule.c

#include "Python.h"

/* #ifdef HAVE_UUID_UUID_H */

#include

/* #elif defined(HAVE_UUID_H)

#include

#endif */

编译错误2：

/home/Python-3.8.2/Modules/_cursesmodule.c:3240:5: error: implicit declaration of function ‘setupterm’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]

if (!initialised_setupterm && setupterm((char *)term, fd, &err) == ERR) {

解决方法：

参考https://my.oschina.net/mengyoufengyu/blog/2876198

cd Python-3.8.2

sed -i "s/Werror=implicit-function-declaration/Wno-error/g" configure

make clean

make

编译成功提示：

image.png

安装成功提示：

......

Looking in links: /tmp/tmpsqv00cbn

Collecting setuptools

Collecting pip

Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip

Successfully installed pip-19.2.3 setuptools-41.2.0

安装成功之后，安装目录就在/usr/local/

查看python版本：

[root@localhost bin]# python -V

Python 2.7.5

[root@localhost bin]# python3 -V

Python 3.8.2