linux C++可执行文件运行后，为什么无法被替换？（Text file busy）“文件被锁定”（File Locking）、“文件占用”（File In Use）
另外，在某些情况下，可能需要在程序运行时动态加载和链接一些库，这些库可能位于可执行文件所在的目录中。如果删除可执行文件，那么这些库可能无法被正确加载和链接，从而导致程序无法正常运行。因此，在程序运行时，可以将可执行文件删除。但是，需要注意的是，如果程序在运行期间需要动态链接库或其他资源，那么这些资源必须仍然存在于计算机上，否则程序可能会出现运行时错误。因此，一般来说，为了保证程序的正常运行，最好在
今天，跑程序的时候，想把可执行文件删除，提示cp: cannot create regular file '/ky/alg/kyai_rest': Text file busy
我把程序停了，就能拷贝过去了。。
在C++程序运行期间，操作系统会将可执行文件读入内存，因此程序运行时并不需要一直保留可执行文件。因此，在程序运行时，可以将可执行文件删除。
但是，需要注意的是，如果程序在运行期间需要动态链接库或其他资源，那么这些资源必须仍然存在于计算机上，否则程序可能会出现运行时错误。
另外，在某些情况下，可能需要在程序运行时动态加载和链接一些库，这些库可能位于可执行文件所在的目录中。如果删除可执行文件，那么这些库可能无法被正确加载和链接，从而导致程序无法正常运行。（我的程序就用dlopen加载了动态库）
因此，一般来说，为了保证程序的正常运行，最好在程序运行期间不要删除可执行文件，而是在程序退出后再进行删除。
20230816
Linux C++ 可执行文件运行后无法被替换的原因
在Linux系统中，C++可执行文件在运行时无法被替换，这是由于Unix和类Unix操作系统的设计特性导致的。当一个进程正在执行一个程序时，该程序的文件会被锁定，即"Text file busy"错误。同样的，如果其他进程正在使用某个文件，该文件也会被锁定，也就是我们所说的"文件占用"。
1. 文件被锁定（File Locking）
在Unix和类Unix操作系统中，一个运行中的程序不能被删除或者替换。这是为了防止程序在运行时被意外修改或删除，从而导致不可预知的后果。
示例代码
以下是一段简单的C++代码，用于模拟程序的长时间运行：
#include <iostream>
#include <unistd.h>
int main() {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
std::cout << "Program is running..." << std::endl;
sleep(10);
}
return 0;
}
当你试图在程序运行时删除或替换这个文件，你会得到一个"Text file busy"的错误。
2. 文件占用（File In Use）
当一个文件被其他进程打开并使用时，这个文件就处于被占用状态。此时，如果尝试删除或替换这个文件，也会得到一个"Text file busy"的错误。
示例代码
以下是一段简单的C++代码，用于打开一个文件并对其进行操作：
#include <fstream>
int main() {
std::ofstream file("test.txt");
if (file.is_open()) {
file << "Hello, World!";
file.close();
}
return 0;
}
在这段代码运行时，如果你试图删除或替换"test.txt"文件，你也会得到一个"Text file busy"的错误。
解决方法
为了避免这种情况，可以先停止正在运行的程序或者关闭正在使用的文件，然后再进行删除或替换操作。另外，有些程序会设计成在程序更新时，先复制一个新版本的程序文件，然后在旧版本的程序结束运行后，再将新版本的文件重命名为旧版本的文件名，从而完成程序的更新。
引用资料：
- Why does an executing binary file get “text file busy” error?
- Understanding File Locking Mechanism in Linux
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