postgresql 18.0今天发布了，在Linux上用容器来体验比较方便。
1.拉取镜像

docker pull docker.1ms.run/postgres:18
Trying to pull docker.1ms.run/postgres:18...
Getting image source signatures
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Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
b5a5f7a2b9a2c002c1827ae45e0b136b393c74399d38272322e5da69feb8766d

2.运行容器

用以往运行其他容器的方法来运行postgresql容器报错, 查看错误日志并把错误容器删除

root@DESKTOP-59T6U68:/mnt/c/Users/lt# docker run -it -d -v /mnt/c/d:/par --net=host --name pg18 docker.1ms.run/postgres:18
e1b81df353dbf810a75ba76b99a7486aec07eab3021368605b01c6e54b2ef6ff
root@DESKTOP-59T6U68:/mnt/c/Users/lt# docker exec -it pg18 bash
Error: can only create exec sessions on running containers: container state improper
root@DESKTOP-59T6U68:/mnt/c/Users/lt# docker logs --tail 10 pg18
Error: Database is uninitialized and superuser password is not specified.
       You must specify POSTGRES_PASSWORD to a non-empty value for the
       superuser. For example, "-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password" on "docker run".

       You may also use "POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD=trust" to allow all
       connections without a password. This is *not* recommended.

       See PostgreSQL documentation about "trust":
       https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/auth-trust.html
root@DESKTOP-59T6U68:/mnt/c/Users/lt# docker container rm pg18
e1b81df353dbf810a75ba76b99a7486aec07eab3021368605b01c6e54b2ef6ff

用网上看来的命令行，自己增加一些选项，还是报错

docker run -d \
--name pg18 \
-p 5432:5432 \
-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=123456 \
-e POSTGRES_USER=postgres \
-e POSTGRES_DB=testdb \
-v /mnt/c/d:/par \
-v ~/postgresql/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data \
 --net=host \
docker.1ms.run/postgres:18
Port mappings have been discarded as one of the Host, Container, Pod, and None network modes are in use
Error: statfs /root/postgresql/data: no such file or directory

先建立-v选项中指定的宿主机目录，并将–net=host选项去掉，可以了

mkdir -p /root/postgresql/data
docker run -d \
--name pg18 \
-p 5432:5432 \
-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=123456 \
-e POSTGRES_USER=postgres \
-e POSTGRES_DB=testdb \
-v /mnt/c/d:/par \
-v ~/postgresql/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data \
docker.1ms.run/postgres:18
fc33d555159907bc8a922bd3cd377dd4882ca8a3faf976785e9cde2ebe37c7e3

docker exec -it pg18 bash
root@fc33d5551599:/# psql
psql: error: connection to server on socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432" failed: FATAL:  role "root" does not exist
root@fc33d5551599:/# su - postgres
postgres@fc33d5551599:~$ psql
psql (18.0 (Debian 18.0-1.pgdg13+3))
Type "help" for help.

postgres=#

也可以在宿主机上用psql登录容器中的数据库, 注意要指定-h选项

psql -U postgres -d testdb
psql: error: connection to server on socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432" failed: No such file or directory
        Is the server running locally and accepting connections on that socket?

psql -U postgres -d testdb -h localhost
Password for user postgres:
psql (14.19 (Ubuntu 14.19-0ubuntu0.22.04.1), server 18.0 (Debian 18.0-1.pgdg13+3))
WARNING: psql major version 14, server major version 18.
         Some psql features might not work.
Type "help" for help.
testdb=#