一行命令安装

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/python/3.12.7/Python-3.12.7.tgz;tar -xf Python-3.12.7.tgz;cd Python-3.12.7;mkdir -p /usr/local/python3.12;./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=/usr/local/python3.12;make -j $(nproc);sudo make altinstall;/usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 --version;sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 /usr/bin/python3.12;sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/pip3.12 /usr/bin/pip3.12;python3.12 --version;pip3.12 --version;

分步解释

下载安装包

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/python/3.12.7/Python-3.12.7.tgz 

解压进入安装目录

tar -xf Python-3.12.7.tgz
cd Python-3.12.7

创建安装目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/python3.12

编译安装

# 配置编译
./configure --enable-optimizations --prefix=/usr/local/python3.12

# 编译
make -j $(nproc)

# 安装（altinstall 避免替换系统默认 python/python3 软链接）
sudo make altinstall

验证安装是否成功

# 检查 Python 3.12 版本
/usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 --version
# 输出：Python 3.12.7 即为成功

创建软链接（相当于添加环境变量）

# 创建软链接（可选，方便终端直接用 python3.12）
sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/python3.12 /usr/bin/python3.12
sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3.12/bin/pip3.12 /usr/bin/pip3.12

验证全部完成

python3.12 --version
pip3.12 --version