1. 拉取镜像

docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle_12cr2_ee_lhr_12.2.0.1:2.0

Trying to pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle_12cr2_ee_lhr_12.2.0.1:2.0...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 2bbf3863a307 done
Copying config eb1a87913a done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
eb1a87913afe19faaa6c654619afcd3d724e9eb69c20e2246290259e6224faca

2. 查看镜像

docker image list -a
REPOSITORY                                                              TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED        SIZE
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/oracle_12cr2_ee_lhr_12.2.0.1  2.0         eb1a87913afe  5 years ago    16.2 GB

3. 创建目录并设置权限

wsl环境, 在C盘d目录下建立oracle12g

cd /mnt/c/d
mkdir -p oracle12g/ora_data
mkdir -p oracle12g/data_temp
chmod 777 oracle12g

4. 启动容器

注意：不要使用刚才创建的目录，否则会找不到路径，如下所示

docker run -itd --name oracle12c  \
--privileged=true \
--restart=always \
-p 1521:1521 \
-p 5500:5500 \
-p 5501:5501 \
-p 5522:22 \
-p 3389:3389 \
-v /mnt/c/d/oracle12g/data_temp:/home/oracle/data_temp  \
-v /mnt/c/d/oracle12g/ora_data:/u01/app/oracle/  \
eb1a87913afe init
597bce2c1ffb181001a7adeae6318690170d0cfa7bc5b41db41a254ac2e377b5
docker exec -it oracle12c /bin/bash

[root@597bce2c1ffb /]# su - oracle
Last login: Fri Aug 21 11:24:52 CST 2020 on pts/4
[oracle@597bce2c1ffb ~]$ sqlplus system/oracle
rlwrap: error: Cannot execute sqlplus: No such file or directory

这是因为rlwrap引用的路径被-v 参数指定到了刚才创建的宿主目录，那个目录下没有内容。
正确的写法如下，将刚才创建的目录映射到容器中一个无关的路径/par。在此之前先删除错误的容器。

docker stop oracle12c
oracle12c
docker rm oracle12c
597bce2c1ffb181001a7adeae6318690170d0cfa7bc5b41db41a254ac2e377b5
docker run -itd --name oracle12c  \
--privileged=true \
--restart=always \
-p 1521:1521 \
-p 5500:5500 \
-p 5501:5501 \
-p 5522:22 \
-p 3389:3389 \
-v /mnt/c/d/oracle12g/ora_data:/par  \
eb1a87913afe init
03796669a3be7c1ed904ae7d60724a06283af463abd32b06e63d0e273bd47392
docker exec -it oracle12c /bin/bash
[root@03796669a3be /]# su - oracle
Last login: Fri Aug 21 11:24:52 CST 2020 on pts/4
[oracle@03796669a3be ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Dec 21 10:26:12 2025

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

5. 启动数据库实例

直接启动报错

SYS@lhrcdb1> startup
ORA-00821: Specified value of sga_target 768M is too small, needs to be at least 872M
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

用如下命令将spfile的内容保存到参数文件pfile（文件名是init+ORACLE_SID+.ora）, 并退出sqlplus修改pfile相应行，然后进入sqlplus用参数文件pfile启动。

SYS@lhrcdb1> create pfile from spfile;

File created.

SYS@lhrcdb1> exit;
Disconnected
[oracle@03796669a3be dbs]$ ls
hc_lhrcdb1.dat  initlhrcdb1.ora  lkLHRCDB1  orapwlhrcdb1  snapcf_lhrcdb1.f  spfilelhrcdb1.ora
hc_lhrsdb.dat   init.ora         lkLHRSDB   orapwlhrsdb   snapcf_lhrsdb.f   spfilelhrsdb.ora
[oracle@03796669a3be dbs]$ vi initlhrcdb1.ora
[oracle@03796669a3be dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Dec 21 10:35:35 2025

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@lhrcdb1> startup pfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1/dbs/initlhrcdb1.ora';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1015021568 bytes
Fixed Size                  8800328 bytes
Variable Size             771753912 bytes
Database Buffers          226492416 bytes
Redo Buffers                7974912 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

数据库就可以使用了。