oracle+rac+dg+搭建,Oracle RAC+DG环境搭建（CentOS 7+Oracle 12C）( 十） 部署 DataGuard
一、配置主机
1. 设置主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname DG
2. 配置网络
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3
重启网卡
systemctl restart network
测试：
nslookup
重启生效
3. 主机环境
(1)执行env.sh. 配置环境，脚本如下：
(2)执行rpm.sh . 安装依赖包，脚本如下：
二、配置共享存储
单节点执行即可，对应主库共享磁盘组: DATA, GRIDG. 这里只是为了一致，没有强制要求一样。
三、配置远程桌面
分配配置 oracle grid 两个用户的远程桌面。
四、安装grid
(1)解压安装包：
unzip linuxamd64_12102_grid_1of2.zip
unzip linuxamd64_12102_grid_2of2.zip
(2) 将解压后的安装包拷贝到 /home/grid 目录下
mv grid /home/grid/
(3) 进入grid的远程桌面，进入安装....
(4) 相关问题
swap size 问题：
注释： 上面少写了一个0，空间还是不够，后面有加了一个。
修改/etc/fstab文件，在文件最后添加：
/opt/image/swap swap swap defaults 0 0
安装遗漏包
yum install libaio-devel*
忽略pdksh
图形界面执行脚本报错，通过命令执行，依然报错后，再直接提示的命令。
五、安装数据库软件
(1)解压安装包：
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
(2) 将解压后的安装包拷贝到 /home/oralce 目录下
mv database /home/oracle/
(3) 进入oracle 的远程桌面，进入安装....
六、配置共享磁盘组
七、配置静态监听和TNS
1、从库上配置静态监听
此处是grid_home下的监听，注意将文件内容中的grid_home 修改成 oracle_home路径
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.150)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
( SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = yun) #CDB
#(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/11.2/grid)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1)
(SID_NAME = YUNDG)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = xiaochong) #PDB
#(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/11.2/grid)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1)
(SID_NAME = YUNDG)
)
)
2、主从上配置TNS
分别在主库的rac四个节点和从库的一个节点上对 tnsnames.ora 进行配置
文件路径：
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
##主库
YUN =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = )(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = yun)
)
)
##从库
YUNDG =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.8)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = yun)
八、配置密码文件
在rac中一个节点创建密码文件：
orapwd password='Oracle' file=orapwyun1 entries=20;
然后，将其拷贝到其它三个节点和dg节点，将名称改成orapw+各节点的实例名。 如orapwyun2 orapwYUNDG
scp orapwyun1 oracle@rac02:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbs/
注意：不要分别在不同节点上创建密码文件，不然会报 密码文件不一致问题。
九、从库配置
1. 建立相关目录
(1)查看主库的数据文件，日志文件，控制文件路径
(2)从库，用grid用户，进入asmcmd，建立相关目录
控制文件目录：
同样，建立 +GRIDDG/YUM/CONTROLFILE 目录。
建立日志文件目录：
+DATA/YUN/ONLINELOG
+GRIDDG/YUN/ONLINELOG
建立数据文件目录：
+DATA/YUN/DATAFILE
+DATA/YUN/FD9AC20F64D244D7E043B6A9E80A2F2F/DATAFILE
+DATA/YUN/88E906E617243D8FE0536E38A8C04CBC/DATAFILE
+DATA/YUN/88E906E617243D8FE0536E38A8C04CBC/TEMPFILE
2、配置参数文件
从主库中创建pfile (create pfile from spfile),修改后，拷贝到从库
路径： /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/dbs/initYUNDG.ora
内容如下：
*.audit_sys_operations=FALSE
*.audit_trail='NONE'
*.compatible='12.1.0.2.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradate/controlfile/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_name='yun'
*.db_unique_name='yundg'
#*.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATA/'
#*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=5535m
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=yunXDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.fal_client='YUNDG'
*.fal_server='YUN'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(YUNDG,YUN)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=+DATA/YUN/ARCHIVELOG valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=yundg'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=YUN LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=yun'
*.open_cursors=1000
*.pga_aggregate_target=681m
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_target=2043m
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
##下面两个参数注释掉，因为我们在从库配置了跟主库一样的目录结构。
#*.log_file_name_convert='+DATA/YUN/onlinelog','+DATA/YUN/onlinelog'
#*.db_file_name_convert='+DATA/YUN/datafile','+DATA/YUN/datafile'
十、主库配置
这里主要是修改参数：
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=YUNDG LGWR ASYNC valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=yundg' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(YUN,YUNDG)' scope=both sid='*';
alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=both sid='*';
alter system set fal_client=YUN scope=both sid='*';
alter system set fal_server=YUNDG scope=both sid='*';
设置force logging
ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
十一、复制
1、 rman连接主从数据库
rman target sys/Oracle01@YUN auxiliary sys/Oracle01@YUNDG
2、执行复制命令
duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck dorecover;
错误记录1：
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=60 instance=yun1 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 05/28/2019 13:47:31
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 05/28/2019 13:47:29
ORA-17629: Cannot connect to the remote database server
ORA-17627: ORA-12543: TNS:destination host unreachable
ORA-17629: Cannot connect to the remote database server
_______________________________________________________________________________________
主要是主库不能通过tnsname,ora连接到从库，确保 sqlplus sys/Oracle01@YUNDG as sysdba 能够连接
错误记录2：
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service YUN
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 05/28/2019 14:04:07
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
ORA-19845: error in backupDatafile while communicating with remote database server
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19602 returned by remote Oracle server
ORA-19602: cannot backup or copy active file in NOARCHIVELOG mode
ORA-19660: some files in the backup set could not be verified
ORA-19661: datafile 1 could not be verified
ORA-19845: error in backupDatafile while communicating with remote database server
ORA-17628: Oracle error 19602 returned by remote Oracle server
ORA-19602: cannot backup or copy active file in NOARCHIVELOG mode
_______________________________________________________________________________________
主要是主库没有归档，开启归档即可
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode
No Archive Mode
Automatic archival
Disabled
Archive destination
USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 26
Current log sequence
27
十二、补充standby log
在从库上创建standby log
alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 9 size 50m,group 10 size 50m,group 11 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 2 group 12 size 50m,group 13 size 50m,group 14 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 3 group 15 size 50m,group 16 size 50m,group 17 size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile thread 4 group 18 size 50m,group 19 size 50m,group 20 size 50m;
如果是要主从切换，在主库上也要建立standby red log。
十三、打开数据库，进入恢复状态
alter database open;
ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
十四、测试(略)
创建用户，创建表，插入数据，从库同步能查询到数据。
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