今天很奇怪，导入一个单表报错ora01401的错误，网上也搜了一圈，和我的情况不一样。这个错误是由于导出dmp文件的时候字符的存储字节不一样。我的数据库是11g11.2.0.1.0的，默认选的是ZHS16GBK编码方式，要导入的是学校10g数据库导出备份的一个dmp文件，最后没办法按照一个ora12899错误处理问题解决了。

操作步骤如下

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes

Fixed Size                  2228904 bytes

Variable Size            1006636376 bytes

Database Buffers          637534208 bytes

Redo Buffers                7118848 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

Database altered.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup;

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1653518336 bytes

Fixed Size                  2228904 bytes

Variable Size            1006636376 bytes

Database Buffers          637534208 bytes

Redo Buffers                7118848 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL>

最后客户端导入成功