2024年Java最全Springboot Quartz定时任务的动态调度使用，实战详解，hibernate和mybatis面试题
本文已被CODING开源项目：【一线大厂Java面试题解析+核心总结学习笔记+最新讲解视频+实战项目源码】收录需要这份系统化的资料的朋友，可以点击这里获取/**@Description :创建job实例工厂,使用默认的也许会出现spring的@Autowired 无法注入问题**/@Component@Autowired@Override//Job实例注入到Job工厂创建QuartzConfig.
总结
面试前的“练手”还是很重要的，所以开始面试之前一定要准备好啊，不然也是耽搁面试官和自己的时间。
我自己是刷了不少面试题的，所以在面试过程中才能够做到心中有数，基本上会清楚面试过程中会问到哪些知识点，高频题又有哪些，所以刷题是面试前期准备过程中非常重要的一点。
面试题及解析总结
大厂面试场景
知识点总结
import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.AdaptableJobFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description : 创建job实例工厂,使用默认的也许会出现spring的@Autowired 无法注入问题
**/
@Component
public class JobFactory extends AdaptableJobFactory {
@Autowired
private AutowireCapableBeanFactory beanFactory;
@Override
protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle)
throws Exception {
Object jobInstance = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
//Job实例注入到Job工厂
beanFactory.autowireBean(jobInstance);
return jobInstance;
}
}
创建QuartzConfig.java （一些属性配置项）：
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.ee.servlet.QuartzInitializerListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description : 调度工厂,线程池属性等等配置
**/
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfig {
@Autowired
private JobFactory jobFactory;
/**
-
调度类FactoryBean
-
@return
-
@throws IOException
*/
@Bean(“schedulerFactory”)
public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean() throws IOException {
SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
//设置调度类quartz属性
schedulerFactoryBean.setQuartzProperties(quartzProperties());
//设置jobFactory
schedulerFactoryBean.setJobFactory(jobFactory);
return schedulerFactoryBean;
}
/**
-
解析quartz.properties文件，填充属性
-
@return
-
@throws IOException
*/
@Bean
public Properties quartzProperties() throws IOException{
PropertiesFactoryBean propertiesFactoryBean = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
//若不做额外配置,会有默认的配置文件加载 在jar org.quartz里面 有一份quartz.properties
//propertiesFactoryBean.setLocation(new ClassPathResource(“/quartz.properties”));
propertiesFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet();
return propertiesFactoryBean.getObject();
}
/**
-
quartz初始化监听器
-
@return
*/
@Bean
public QuartzInitializerListener initializerListener(){
return new QuartzInitializerListener();
}
/**
-
根据调度类工厂bean获取调度
-
@return
-
@throws IOException
*/
@Bean(“scheduler”)
public Scheduler scheduler() throws IOException{
return schedulerFactoryBean().getScheduler();
}
}
ps：这里的配置项，特别是关于quartz的配置项，可以自己去写配置文件配置，但是该篇就使用默认的就够，默认的是jar包自己提供的：
简单瞅一眼：
相关参数什么作用，不懂的对着英文查询翻译即可，该篇不做展开。
接着，咱们实现一个调度方法类，类似于我们使用别的框架的Template一样。
新建QuartzService.java：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.config.JobEntity;
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
public interface QuartzService {
/**
-
创建Job
-
@param job
*/
Boolean addJob(JobEntity job);
/**
-
执行Job
-
@param job
*/
Boolean runJob(JobEntity job);
/**
-
修改Job
-
@param job
*/
Boolean updateJob(JobEntity job);
/**
-
暂定Job
-
@param job
*/
Boolean pauseJob(JobEntity job);
/**
-
唤醒Job
-
@param job
*/
Boolean resumeJob(JobEntity job);
/**
-
删除Job
-
@param job
*/
Boolean deleteJob(JobEntity job);
/**
-
获取Job
-
@param job
*/
JSONObject queryJob(JobEntity job);
}
对应的impl，QuartzServiceImpl.java：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.config.JobEntity;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
@Service
public class QuartzServiceImpl implements QuartzService {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QuartzServiceImpl.class);
@Autowired
@Qualifier(“scheduler”)
private Scheduler scheduler;
@Override
public Boolean addJob(JobEntity job) {
try {
JSONObject data = job.getData();
log.info(“当前任务携带的业务参数={}”, data.toJSONString());
JobDataMap jobDataMap = new JobDataMap();
jobDataMap.put(“myValue”, data);
String jobId = job.getJobId();
String jobName = job.getJobName();
String jobUnique = jobId + jobName;
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder
.newJob((Class<? extends Job>) Class.forName(job.getClassName()))
// 指定执行类
.withIdentity(jobUnique, job.getJobGroup())
// 指定name和group
.requestRecovery().withDescription(job.getDescription())
.setJobData(jobDataMap)
.build();
// 创建表达式调度构建器
CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder
.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression());
// 创建触发器
CronTrigger cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withIdentity(job.getTriggerName(), job.getTriggerGroup())
.withDescription(job.getDescription())
.withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
scheduler.start();
log.info(“定时任务[{}]创建成功,开始执行”, jobId + jobName);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Boolean runJob(JobEntity job) {
try {
String jobId = job.getJobId();
String jobName = job.getJobName();
String jobUnique = jobId + jobName;
scheduler.triggerJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobUnique,
job.getJobGroup()));
log.info(“定时任务[{}]执行成功”, jobUnique);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Boolean updateJob(JobEntity job) {
try {
String jobId = job.getJobId();
String jobName = job.getJobName();
String jobUnique = jobId + jobName;
TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(job.getTriggerName(),
job.getTriggerGroup());
CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler
.getTrigger(triggerKey);
CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder
.cronSchedule(job.getCronExpression());
// 重新构件表达式
CronTrigger trigger = cronTrigger.getTriggerBuilder()
.withIdentity(triggerKey).withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder)
.withDescription(job.getDescription())
.build();
scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
log.info(“定时任务[{}]更新成功”, jobUnique);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Boolean pauseJob(JobEntity job) {
try {
String jobId = job.getJobId();
String jobName = job.getJobName();
String jobUnique = jobId + jobName;
scheduler.pauseJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobUnique,
job.getJobGroup()));
log.info(“定时任务[{}]暂停成功”, jobUnique);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Boolean resumeJob(JobEntity job) {
try {
String jobId = job.getJobId();
String jobName = job.getJobName();
String jobUnique = jobId + jobName;
scheduler.resumeJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobUnique,
job.getJobGroup()));
log.info(“定时任务[{}]唤醒成功”, jobUnique);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public Boolean deleteJob(JobEntity job) {
try {
String jobId = job.getJobId();
String jobName = job.getJobName();
String jobUnique = jobId + jobName;
scheduler.deleteJob(JobKey.jobKey(jobUnique, job.getJobGroup()));
log.info(“定时任务[{}]删除成功”, jobUnique);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return false;
}
@Override
public JSONObject queryJob(JobEntity job) {
TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(job.getTriggerName(),
job.getTriggerGroup());
try {
CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
if (null == cronTrigger) {
return null;
}
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put(“expression”, cronTrigger.getCronExpression());
jsonObject.put(“state”, scheduler.getTriggerState(triggerKey));
jsonObject.put(“description”, cronTrigger.getDescription());
return jsonObject;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
}
到这，其实动态的调度定时任务条件，我们都已经准备充分了。
接下来是使用环节：
1.随着项目启动就启动的定时任务
之所以能随着项目启动就跟着启动，那么显然，就跟监听项目启动有关系。
创建MyJobAuto.java ，继承job，做为定时任务示例：
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
@Component
public class MyJobAuto implements Job {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyJobAuto.class);
private void before() {
log.info(“MyJobAuto任务开始执行”);
}
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) {
before();
//定时任务处理的业务逻辑
//…
//…
String name = context.getJobDetail().getKey().getName();
log.info(“MyJobAuto任务[{}]正在执行”,name);
JobDataMap jobDataMap=context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
JSONObject jsonObject = (JSONObject) jobDataMap.get(“myValue”);
log.info(“MyJobAuto任务[{}]携带的参数[{}]”,name,jsonObject.toString());
String time = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(“yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss”));
log.info(“当前时间[{}],MyJobAuto任务[{}]的线程名[{}]”,time,name,Thread.currentThread().getName());
after();
}
private void after() {
log.info(“MyJobAuto任务执行结束”);
}
}
然后是项目启动监听器，创建ApplicationStartListener.java：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.config.JobEntity;
import com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.jobManage.QuartzService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import java.util.UUID;
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
@Configuration
public class ApplicationStartListener implements ApplicationListener {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApplicationStartListener.class);
@Autowired
private QuartzService quartzService;
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent contextRefreshedEvent) {
JobEntity job=new JobEntity();
job.setJobId(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll(“-”,“”));
job.setClassName(“com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.taskJob.MyJobAuto”);//注意,这里的路径请改成你自己的
job.setCronExpression(“0/3 * * * * ?”);
job.setJobName(“AutoJob”);
job.setJobGroup(“AutoJobGroup”);
job.setTriggerName(“AutoJobTrigger”);
job.setTriggerGroup(“AutoJobTriggerGroup”);
job.setDescription(“AutoJob-随项目启动”);
//可以将任务跟数据库挂钩,做个任务管理模块,获取需要自启动的任务,记录各个参数等
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put(“testKey”,“测试即启动”);
job.setData(jsonObject);
quartzService.addJob(job);
log.info(“即触发定时任务已经开始执行… .”);
log.info(“application已经启动完毕”);
}
}
事不宜迟，先把项目启动起来看看效果，成功执行，根据cron表达式，3秒一次：
再看一眼线程名里面，可以看到quartz加载了默认配置，线程数量10：
2.动态调度定时任务
我们在前面已经把调度方法的模版已经写了，那么实现调度场景就非常简单了。
创建QuartzController.java：
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.config.JobEntity;
import com.bsapple.vshop.quartz.jobManage.QuartzService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
@RestController
@RequestMapping(“/quartz”)
public class QuartzController {
@Autowired
private QuartzService quartzService;
@PostMapping(“/add”)
public String addJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
Boolean result = quartzService.addJob(job);
if (!result) {
return “创建定时任务失败”;
}
return “创建定时任务成功:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
@PostMapping(“/run”)
public String runJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
Boolean result = quartzService.runJob(job);
if (!result) {
return “启动定时任务失败”;
}
return “启动定时任务成功:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
@PostMapping(“/update”)
public String updateJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
Boolean result = quartzService.updateJob(job);
if (!result) {
return “修改定时任务失败”;
}
return “修改定时任务成功:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
@PostMapping(“/pause”)
public String pauseJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
Boolean result = quartzService.pauseJob(job);
if (!result) {
return “暂停定时任务失败”;
}
return “暂停定时任务成功:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
@PostMapping(“/resume”)
public String resumeJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
Boolean result = quartzService.resumeJob(job);
if (!result) {
return “唤醒定时任务失败”;
}
return “唤醒定时任务成功:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
@PostMapping(“/delete”)
public String deleteJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
Boolean result = quartzService.deleteJob(job);
if (!result) {
return “删除定时任务失败”;
}
return “删除定时任务成功:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
@GetMapping(“/query”)
public String queryJob(@RequestBody JobEntity job) {
JSONObject result = quartzService.queryJob(job);
if (null == result) {
return “不存在对应的任务:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
return result.toString();
}
}
简单写两个定时任务，模拟多定时任务调度处理不同业务：
MyJobFirst.java：
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyJobFirst implements Job {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyJobFirst.class);
private void before() {
写在最后
还有一份JAVA核心知识点整理（PDF）：JVM，JAVA集合，JAVA多线程并发，JAVA基础，Spring原理，微服务，Netty与RPC，网络，日志，Zookeeper，Kafka，RabbitMQ，Hbase，MongoDB，Cassandra，设计模式，负载均衡，数据库，一致性哈希，JAVA算法，数据结构，加密算法，分布式缓存，Hadoop，Spark，Storm，YARN，机器学习，云计算…
ull == result) {
return “不存在对应的任务:”+job.getJobId()+job.getJobName();
}
return result.toString();
}
}
简单写两个定时任务，模拟多定时任务调度处理不同业务：
MyJobFirst.java：
/**
-
@Author : JCccc
-
@CreateTime : 2020/3/21
-
@Description :
**/
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class MyJobFirst implements Job {
private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyJobFirst.class);
private void before() {
写在最后
还有一份JAVA核心知识点整理（PDF）：JVM，JAVA集合，JAVA多线程并发，JAVA基础，Spring原理，微服务，Netty与RPC，网络，日志，Zookeeper，Kafka，RabbitMQ，Hbase，MongoDB，Cassandra，设计模式，负载均衡，数据库，一致性哈希，JAVA算法，数据结构，加密算法，分布式缓存，Hadoop，Spark，Storm，YARN，机器学习，云计算…
[外链图片转存中…(img-wJtW0hLf-1714871013174)]
魔乐社区（Modelers.cn) 是一个中立、公益的人工智能社区，提供人工智能工具、模型、数据的托管、展示与应用协同服务，为人工智能开发及爱好者搭建开放的学习交流平台。社区通过理事会方式运作，由全产业链共同建设、共同运营、共同享有，推动国产AI生态繁荣发展。
更多推荐
10
0- 0
已为社区贡献2条内容
所有评论(0)