mybatis动态SQL多条件查询1 - if 标签
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Mybatis框架的动态SQL技术是一种根据特定条件动态拼接SQL语句的过程。它的存在是为了解决拼接SQL语句字符串的痛点问题。创建新的Mapper接口和新的mapper映射文件。
目录
1.创建DynamicSqlMapper接口
package com.mybatis.mapper;
import com.mybatis.pojo.Emp;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author 大力pig
* @date 2022/05/07
*/
public interface DynamicSqlMapper {
/**
* 多条件查询员工信息
*/
List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);
}
2.创建DynamicSqlMapper映射文件
if test标签后不需要写原来的${}或者#{}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mybatis.mapper.DynamicSqlMapper">
<!-- List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);-->
<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
select * from t_emp where
<if test="empName != null and empName != ''">
emp_name = #{empName}
</if>
<if test="age != null and age != ''">
and age = #{age}
</if>
<if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
and sex = #{sex}
</if>
<if test="email != null and email != ''">
and email = #{email}
</if>
</select>
</mapper>
3.测试类
@Test
public void testGetEmpByCondition(){
SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
DynamicSqlMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSqlMapper.class);
List<Emp> emps = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "张三", 32, "男", "123@qq.com"));
System.out.println(emps);
}
4.测试结果
11:08:49:276 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource 434 - Created connection 1234250905.
11:08:49:292 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Preparing: select * from t_emp where emp_name = ? and age = ? and sex = ? and email = ?
11:08:49:338 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Parameters: 张三(String), 32(Integer), 男(String), 123@qq.com(String)
11:08:49:390 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - <== Total: 1
[Emp{eid=1, empName='null', age=32, sex='男', email='123@qq.com', dept=null}]
5. 引伸 : 其中一样传入信息不符合
5.1 and后的参数不提供
and后的参数是只, 如上图mapper映射文件中, age, sex, email
我们将age和email都设置成null, 在运行一次,看看效果。
List<Emp> emps = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "张三", null, "男", null));
5.1.1运行效果
11:22:57:465 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource 434 - Created connection 769530879.
11:22:57:496 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Preparing: select * from t_emp where emp_name = ? and sex = ?
11:22:57:622 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Parameters: 张三(String), 男(String)
11:22:57:763 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - <== Total: 1
[Emp{eid=1, empName='null', age=32, sex='男', email='123@qq.com', dept=null}]
总结: and后的参数不提供, 不会影响sql运行,而且我们从LOG中可以看出,and后设置成null的参数,就不会参与sql运行。
5.2 where后的参数不提供
List<Emp> emps = mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, null, 32, "男", "123@qq.com"));
5.2.1 运行效果
运行错误,我们可以从log里看出, where后跟的是and,那么sql语法肯定是错误的。
1:25:12:513 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource 434 - Created connection 769530879.
11:25:12:513 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Preparing: select * from t_emp where and age = ? and sex = ? and email = ?
11:25:12:670 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Parameters: 32(Integer), 男(String), 123@qq.com(String)
org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.PersistenceException:
### Error querying database. Cause: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'and age = 32
and sex = '男'
' at line 4
5.2.2 解决方法
在mapper映射文件中where语句后添加恒成立的条件 1=1, 映射文件如下。
<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
select * from t_emp where 1=1
<if test="empName != null and empName != ''">
emp_name = #{empName}
</if>
<if test="age != null and age != ''">
and age = #{age}
</if>
<if test="sex != null and sex != ''">
and sex = #{sex}
</if>
<if test="email != null and email != ''">
and email = #{email}
</if>
</select>
运行结果: 成功运行且不报错。我们可以从LOG看出,恒成立条件1=1之后拼接and就不会报错。
11:32:01:649 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.datasource.pooled.PooledDataSource 434 - Created connection 769530879.
11:32:01:649 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Preparing: select * from t_emp where 1=1 and age = ? and sex = ? and email = ?
11:32:01:727 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - ==> Parameters: 32(Integer), 男(String), 123@qq.com(String)
11:32:01:806 [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.logging.jdbc.BaseJdbcLogger 137 - <== Total: 1
[Emp{eid=1, empName='null', age=32, sex='男', email='123@qq.com', dept=null}]
6. 总结
恒成立1=1的作用:
1. where后跟着的参数是null的时候方便拼接sql
2.当参数都是null时候,sql也可以成功运行。
动态SQL中:
if 标签根据标签中test属性所对应的表达式决定标签中的内容是否需要拼接到sql中去
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